Replacing a rear wheel bearing may seem daunting, but with the right tools and some mechanical know-how, it’s a task that can be accomplished at home. By following a step-by-step guide, you can ensure that the job is done correctly and safely, restoring your vehicle’s performance and handling. Whether you’re an experienced mechanic or a novice DIY enthusiast, this comprehensive guide will provide you with the knowledge and instructions necessary to replace your rear wheel bearing effectively.
Before embarking on this project, it’s essential to gather the necessary tools and materials. This includes a floor jack, jack stands, torque wrench, socket set, impact wrench, hub puller, new wheel bearing, and new axle nut. Once you have everything you need, you can begin the process of removing the old wheel bearing. This involves raising the vehicle using the floor jack and jack stands, removing the wheel, brake caliper, and rotor. Once the hub is exposed, you can use a hub puller to remove it and access the old wheel bearing.
With the old wheel bearing removed, it’s time to install the new one. First, clean the hub and axle surfaces thoroughly to remove any debris or old grease. Apply a thin layer of high-temperature grease to the hub and the inner and outer surfaces of the new bearing. Carefully slide the new bearing onto the axle and tap it into place using a hammer and drift. Once the bearing is seated, reassemble the hub and brake components in reverse order, tightening the axle nut to the specified torque using the torque wrench. Finally, lower the vehicle and test drive it to ensure that the wheel bearing replacement was successful.
Removing the Lug Nuts and Wheel
Before you begin, ensure you have gathered the necessary tools and materials, including a jack, lug wrench, wheel chocks, and gloves.
Safety Precautions
- Park your vehicle on a flat and stable surface and engage the parking brake to prevent it from rolling.
- Place wheel chocks behind the wheels diagonally opposite the one you’re replacing to provide additional stability.
- Use gloves to protect your hands from grease and dirt.
Step-by-Step Guide
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Locate the Lug Nuts: Identify the lug nuts securing the wheel to the hub assembly. They are typically large, hexagonal-shaped bolts located around the perimeter of the wheel.
Size Type Description 17mm – 22mm Hexagonal Bolt Secures the wheel to the hub assembly -
Break Loose the Lug Nuts: Using a lug wrench, carefully loosen each lug nut by turning them counterclockwise. Do not remove them completely at this point.
It is recommended to use a torque wrench to break loose the lug nuts with the appropriate torque specified in your vehicle’s service manual. This will help prevent damage to the lug nuts and threads.
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Jack Up the Vehicle: Position the jack at the designated jack point nearest to the wheel you’re replacing. Refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for specific jack point locations.
Ensure the jack is securely placed and stable before lifting the vehicle. Avoid placing the jack on soft or uneven surfaces that could lead to instability.
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Raise the Vehicle: Slowly and cautiously raise the vehicle using the jack until there is approximately 6 inches of clearance between the ground and the tire being replaced.
Do not raise the vehicle too high, as this could create an unstable situation and risk injury.
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Remove the Lug Nuts: Once the vehicle is raised, completely remove the lug nuts by hand. Be careful not to drop them or let them roll away.
Carefully remove the lug nuts, ensuring they do not get lost or damaged. It is advisable to place them in a designated container to prevent them from rolling away.
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Pull Off the Wheel: Gently pull the wheel straight towards you to detach it from the hub assembly. If the wheel is stuck, you may need to use a rubber mallet or a pry bar to carefully tap it loose.
Hold the wheel firmly when removing it to prevent it from falling and causing injury or damage. Place the removed wheel aside in a secure location.
Jacking Up the Vehicle
Safety First
Before you begin, it’s crucial to prioritize safety. Park your vehicle on a level, stable surface, engage the parking brake, and place wheel chocks behind the wheels not being worked on. Additionally, gather essential tools such as a jack, jack stands, and a torque wrench.
Lifting Points
Identify the designated lifting points on the vehicle’s frame or sub-frame. These points are typically marked with notches or reinforced sections. Using the jack at points other than these can damage the vehicle.
Positioning the Jack
Carefully position the jack under the designated lifting point. Ensure that the base of the jack is secure and stable on the ground. Slowly begin pumping the jack to raise the vehicle.
Using Jack Stands
Once the vehicle is sufficiently raised, insert jack stands beneath the frame or designated support points. Lower the vehicle onto the jack stands to provide a secure base. Never rely solely on a jack for extended periods as it can fail catastrophically.
Lifting Height
The height to which you need to raise the vehicle will vary depending on the specific vehicle model. As a general guideline, lift the vehicle high enough to allow ample clearance for wheel removal and bearing replacement.
Double-checking Stability
Before proceeding further, thoroughly inspect the stability of the vehicle. Ensure that it is securely supported by the jack stands and that there are no signs of wobbling or movement.
Removing the Wheel
Locate the lug nuts securing the wheel to the hub and use a lug wrench to loosen them, but do not remove them completely. Once loosened, carefully lift the wheel straight towards you to detach it from the hub.
Supporting the Vehicle with Jack Stands
Before you begin working on the rear wheel bearing, it’s critical to securely support the vehicle on jack stands to ensure your safety and the stability of the car. Here’s a detailed guide on how to do it:
1. Gather the Necessary Tools and Safety Gear
First and foremost, gather the following tools and safety gear:
- Jack stands (at least two)
- Jack
- Wheel chocks
- Safety glasses
- Gloves
2. Park the Vehicle on a Level Surface
Park your vehicle on a level, stable surface. Engage the parking brake to prevent the vehicle from rolling.
3. Position the Jack Stands
Locate the designated jack points on the vehicle’s frame, which are usually indicated by notches or reinforced sections. Place the jack stands on either side of the rear wheels, ensuring they are positioned directly underneath the jack points. Note the following important considerations:
- Proper Placement: Ensure the jack stands are placed perpendicular to the ground and directly beneath the specified jack points.
- Load Capacity: Check the load capacity of the jack stands to ensure they are sufficient for the weight of your vehicle.
- Stability: Place the jack stands on firm, stable ground. Avoid positioning them on soft or uneven surfaces.
- Cross-Check: Double-check the positioning of the jack stands to ensure they are secure and level before lowering the vehicle.
4. Raise the Vehicle Using the Jack
Position the jack at the front or rear jack point near the wheel you’ll be working on. Slowly pump the jack to raise the vehicle until there is approximately 6 inches of clearance between the ground and the tire.
5. Lower the Vehicle Onto the Jack Stands
Carefully lower the vehicle onto the jack stands by slowly releasing the jack. Ensure the vehicle is stable and securely supported by the jack stands before removing the jack completely.
6. Engage Wheel Chocks
Place wheel chocks behind the wheels opposite the ones being raised. This will prevent the vehicle from rolling while it’s supported on the jack stands.
7. Inspect the Setup
Double-check the stability of the vehicle and the positioning of the jack stands and wheel chocks to ensure everything is secure before proceeding with the wheel bearing replacement.
By following these steps carefully, you can safely support your vehicle using jack stands and create a stable work environment for replacing the rear wheel bearing.
Removing the Rotor
Once the wheel is removed, the rotor can now be accessed and taken off. Removing the rusty rotor from the hub can be difficult, especially if it has never been serviced or replaced before. Here is a step-by-step process on how to remove the rotor:
- Apply penetrating oil: Spray a penetrating oil around the rotor hub. This will help loosen the rusty bolts and make it easier to remove them.
- Loosen the rotor bolts: Using a socket wrench, loosen the two bolts holding the rotor to the hub. Do not remove them completely at this point.
- Tap the rotor with a hammer: Use a rubber mallet or a hammer with a plastic head to lightly tap around the outer edge of the rotor. This will help break the rust bond between the rotor and the hub.
- Pry the rotor off the hub: Insert a pry bar between the rotor and the hub and gently pry the rotor off. Be careful not to damage the rotor or the hub while doing this.
- Remove the rotor bolts: Once the rotor is loose, remove the two bolts completely and take off the rotor.
In some cases, the rotor may be stuck on the hub and difficult to remove. Here are some additional tips that may help:
| Situation | Solution |
|---|---|
| The rotor is heavily rusted | Apply a generous amount of penetrating oil and let it soak for a while before trying to remove the rotor. |
| The bolts are seized | Use a penetrating oil and a larger socket wrench to loosen the bolts. If all else fails, you may need to use an impact wrench. |
| The rotor is stuck on the hub | Try tapping the rotor with a hammer or using a penetrating oil to loosen it. If it’s still stuck, you may need to use a slide hammer to remove it. |
Removing the Wheel Bearing Hub
The wheel bearing hub is a critical component that connects the wheel to the axle and allows it to rotate smoothly. Replacing a worn or damaged wheel bearing hub is essential for maintaining the safety and performance of your vehicle. Follow these steps to remove the wheel bearing hub:
1. Safety First
Before starting any automotive work, it’s crucial to prioritize safety. Engage the parking brake, place wheel chocks behind the wheels opposite the one being worked on, and wear appropriate safety gear, including gloves and safety glasses.
2. Remove the Wheel
Using a lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts on the affected wheel but do not remove them completely. Jack up the vehicle and support it securely with jack stands. Fully remove the lug nuts and pull the wheel straight towards you to detach it.
3. Remove Brake Components
Locate the brake caliper, which is typically attached to the wheel bearing hub with bolts. Remove the bolts and carefully lift the brake caliper off the rotor. Do not let the caliper hang by the brake hose.
4. Disconnect the ABS Sensor (if equipped)
If your vehicle has an anti-lock braking system (ABS), there will be an ABS sensor connected to the wheel bearing hub. Disconnect the electrical connector for the ABS sensor and carefully remove the sensor from its mount.
5. Remove the Hub Nut
In the center of the wheel bearing hub, you will find the hub nut. This nut requires a special socket or tool to be removed. Place the socket over the hub nut and use a breaker bar or impact wrench to loosen and remove it.
6. Separate the Hub from the Knuckle: A Comprehensive Guide
**Step 6a: Use a Hub Puller (Recommended):**
The most effective method for separating the hub from the knuckle is using a hub puller. This specialized tool provides a safe and efficient way to detach the hub without damaging the components.
Position the puller’s arms behind the wheel bearing hub and tighten the puller’s bolt. As you tighten the bolt, the arms will push against the knuckle and gradually force the hub to separate.
**Step 6b: Using a Pry Bar (Alternative Method):**
If a hub puller is not available, you can use a pry bar as an alternative method. However, this technique is less precise and requires more caution to avoid damaging the components.
Insert the pry bar between the wheel bearing hub and the knuckle. Use a hammer to tap the pry bar gently, creating leverage that will separate the hub from the knuckle.
**Step 6c: Precautions:**
| – Use a block of wood or a piece of rubber between the pry bar and the knuckle to prevent damage. | – Apply force gradually and evenly to avoid bending or distorting the hub. |
| – Be careful not to over-stress the bolts or the knuckle. | – If the hub does not separate easily, do not force it. |
7. Remove the Wheel Bearing Hub Assembly
Once the hub is separated from the knuckle, you can remove the wheel bearing hub assembly. Grip the hub firmly and pull it straight out of the knuckle. Be careful not to damage the hub or the surrounding components as you remove it.
8. Install the New Wheel Bearing Hub
Align the new wheel bearing hub with the knuckle and carefully insert it into place. Make sure the hub seats properly and is fully engaged in the knuckle.
9. Reassemble the Components
Follow the steps in reverse order to reassemble the components. Install the hub nut, connect the ABS sensor (if equipped), install the brake caliper, and reinstall the wheel.
10. Tighten the Hub Nut
Use a torque wrench to tighten the hub nut according to the manufacturer’s specifications. This is critical to ensure proper pre-load on the wheel bearing.
Cleaning the Hub Assembly
Once the inner race of the old bearing has been removed, it’s important to thoroughly clean the hub assembly to remove any residual bearing material or debris. This will help ensure that the new bearing is properly installed and can operate smoothly.
Materials Needed:
- Brake cleaner
- Shop rags
- Wire brush (optional)
Steps:
1.
Spray the hub assembly liberally with brake cleaner to loosen any dirt, grease, or bearing material. Use a rag to wipe away the loosened debris.
2.
Inspect the hub assembly for any damage or wear. If there are any significant gouges or scoring, the hub assembly may need to be replaced.
3.
Use a wire brush to remove any stubborn dirt or corrosion from the hub assembly. Be careful not to damage the surface of the hub.
4.
Continue cleaning the hub assembly with brake cleaner and rags until it is completely clean and free of debris.
5.
Once the hub assembly is clean, allow it to dry completely before installing the new bearing.
Tips:
- Use a non-flammable brake cleaner for safety.
- Wear gloves and eye protection when using brake cleaner.
- If the hub assembly is heavily rusted or corroded, it may be necessary to soak it in a rust remover solution before cleaning.
- If you are not confident in your ability to clean the hub assembly properly, it is best to consult a mechanic.
Installing the Rotor
10. Installing the Rotor
Once the hub is in place, it’s time to install the rotor. The rotor is the disc-shaped part of the brake system that the brake pads press against to slow or stop your car. To install the rotor, you will need:
- A torque wrench
- A new rotor
- A hammer
- A punch
To install the rotor, follow these steps:
- Clean the mating surfaces of the hub and the rotor. Use a wire brush or a brake cleaner to remove any dirt or debris.
- Apply a thin layer of anti-seize compound to the mating surfaces of the hub and the rotor. This will help prevent the rotor from seizing to the hub.
- Place the rotor onto the hub. Make sure that the rotor is fully seated against the hub.
- Tighten the rotor bolts to the specified torque. The torque specification will vary depending on your vehicle, so consult your vehicle’s service manual for the correct torque.
- Use a hammer and a punch to stake the rotor bolts. This will prevent the rotor bolts from loosening over time.
- Install the wheel and tire.
Rotor Bolt Torque Specifications
The following table lists the rotor bolt torque specifications for some common vehicles:
| Vehicle | Rotor Bolt Torque (ft-lbs) |
|---|---|
| Honda Civic | 80 |
| Toyota Camry | 95 |
| Ford Focus | 105 |
| Chevrolet Silverado | 140 |
| Dodge Ram | 150 |
Reinstalling the Brake Caliper
Now that the new wheel bearing is in place, it’s time to reinstall the brake caliper. This is a relatively straightforward process, but there are a few things you need to keep in mind:
- Make sure the brake caliper is clean and free of any debris.
- Lubricate the caliper mounting bolts with a high-temperature brake grease.
- Tighten the caliper mounting bolts to the manufacturer’s specified torque.
- Reattach the brake line to the caliper.
- Pump the brake pedal several times to bleed the brakes.
Here are some additional tips for reinstalling the brake caliper:
- If you are having trouble tightening the caliper mounting bolts, try using a torque wrench.
- Be careful not to overtighten the caliper mounting bolts, as this can damage the caliper.
- If you are not comfortable bleeding the brakes yourself, you can take your car to a mechanic.
Checking the Brake Pads
While you have the brake caliper off, it’s a good idea to check the brake pads. If the brake pads are worn down, they should be replaced. Here are the steps on how to check the brake pads:
- Remove the caliper mounting bolts.
- Remove the brake caliper from the rotor.
- Inspect the brake pads for wear. The brake pads should be at least 1/4 inch thick.
- If the brake pads are worn down, they should be replaced.
Lubricating the Brake Caliper Slide Pins
The brake caliper slide pins are responsible for allowing the caliper to move freely on the caliper bracket. If the slide pins are not lubricated, they can seize up and cause the brakes to drag. Here are the steps on how to lubricate the brake caliper slide pins:
- Remove the caliper mounting bolts.
- Remove the brake caliper from the rotor.
- Apply a high-temperature brake grease to the slide pins.
- Reinstall the brake caliper on the rotor.
- Tighten the caliper mounting bolts to the manufacturer’s specified torque.
Reattaching the Brake Line
The brake line is responsible for carrying brake fluid from the master cylinder to the brake caliper. If the brake line is not properly attached, it can leak brake fluid and cause the brakes to fail. Here are the steps on how to reattach the brake line:
- Locate the brake line fitting on the brake caliper.
- Apply a small amount of brake fluid to the brake line fitting.
- Push the brake line fitting into the brake caliper.
- Tighten the brake line fitting to the manufacturer’s specified torque.
Pumping the Brake Pedal
After you have reinstalled the brake caliper, it is important to pump the brake pedal several times to bleed the brakes. Bleeding the brakes removes any air from the brake lines and ensures that the brakes are working properly. Here are the steps on how to pump the brake pedal:
- Sit in the driver’s seat and put your foot on the brake pedal.
- Pump the brake pedal several times until it becomes firm.
- Hold the brake pedal down for a few seconds.
- Release the brake pedal.
- Repeat steps 2-4 until the brake pedal is firm.
Reinstalling the Wheel
1. Slide the wheel back onto the hub, ensuring that the wheel studs align with the holes in the hub.
2. Hand-tighten the lug nuts onto the wheel studs, alternating between opposite studs to ensure even tightening.
3. Use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications. The recommended torque values vary for different vehicles, so refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for the correct values.
4. Double-check the tightness of the lug nuts using a torque wrench to ensure they are all properly torqued.
5. Install the center cap (if applicable) to cover the exposed hub.
6. Lower the vehicle from the jack or lift.
7. Use the impact gun to re-tighten the lug nuts, ensuring that they are all evenly tightened.
8. Double-check the tightness of the lug nuts one last time using a torque wrench.
9. Clean the wheel bearing hub and wheel mounting surface to remove any dirt or debris.
10. Apply a layer of anti-seize compound to the wheel bearing hub and wheel mounting surface to prevent corrosion and seizing in the future.
11. Install the dust cap onto the wheel bearing hub to protect the bearing from dirt and moisture.
12. Re-install the caliper and brake disc (if applicable) in the reverse order that they were removed.
13. **Lubricating the Wheel Bearing:**
- Remove the dust cap from the wheel bearing hub.
- Insert a small amount of high-temperature wheel bearing grease into the hub.
- Use a clean cloth or rag to spread the grease evenly over the bearing surfaces.
- Reinstall the dust cap.
14. Test the wheel bearing by rotating the wheel manually. It should rotate smoothly and without any noticeable grinding or roughness.
15. Road test the vehicle to ensure that the wheel bearing is functioning properly. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations while driving.
Tightening the Lug Nuts
Now that the wheel bearing has been replaced, it’s time to tighten the lug nuts. This step is important, as it ensures that the wheel is securely attached to the vehicle. Before tightening the lug nuts, make sure that the wheel is properly aligned on the hub. The lug nuts should be tightened in a star pattern, using a torque wrench to ensure that they are all tightened to the same specification.
The torque specification for the lug nuts can be found in the vehicle’s owner’s manual. It is important to follow this specification, as overtightening the lug nuts can damage the wheel or the hub.
Once the lug nuts have been tightened, use a torque wrench to double-check the tightness. This will ensure that all of the lug nuts are tightened to the same specification.
Here are some additional tips for tightening lug nuts:
- Use a torque wrench to ensure that the lug nuts are all tightened to the same specification.
- Tighten the lug nuts in a star pattern.
- Double-check the tightness of the lug nuts using a torque wrench.
- Do not overtighten the lug nuts, as this can damage the wheel or the hub.
| Lug Nut Torque Specifications | |
|---|---|
| Vehicle Type | Lug Nut Torque (ft-lbs) |
| Compact Car | 75-90 |
| Sedan | 90-110 |
| SUV | 110-130 |
| Truck | 130-150 |
Lowering the Vehicle and Removing Jack Stands
15. **Lowering the vehicle and removing jack stands**
Once the rear wheel bearing is replaced, it’s time to lower the vehicle and remove the jack stands. This process is the reverse of raising the vehicle. Be sure to follow these steps carefully to avoid any injuries or damage to your vehicle.
Step 1: Lower the vehicle
Use the floor jack to lower the vehicle until it is just touching the ground. Do not remove the jack completely at this point.
Step 2: Remove the jack stands
Once the vehicle is resting on the ground, carefully remove the jack stands. Do not attempt to roll the vehicle with the jack stands still in place.
Step 3: Tighten the lug nuts
Use the torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque. Refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for the correct torque value.
Step 4: Double-check everything
Once all the lug nuts are tightened, double-check everything to make sure that it is secure. Look for any loose bolts or nuts and tighten them if necessary. Also, check the brake fluid level and top it off if needed.
Step 5: Lower the vehicle completely
Once you are satisfied that everything is secure, slowly lower the vehicle to the ground. Do not drop the vehicle, as this could damage the suspension.
Step 6: Remove the wheel chocks
Once the vehicle is completely on the ground, remove the wheel chocks.
Step 7: Test drive
Before driving your vehicle, take it for a short test drive to make sure that everything is working properly. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations. If you notice anything unusual, stop driving and have the vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic.
Additional tips
Here are a few additional tips for lowering your vehicle and removing jack stands safely:
- Use caution when lowering the vehicle. Do not drop it suddenly, as this could cause damage to the suspension.
- Be sure to double-check everything before you drive the vehicle. This includes checking the lug nuts, brake fluid level, and overall security of the vehicle.
- If you are not comfortable lowering the vehicle and removing jack stands yourself, it is best to have it done by a qualified mechanic.
Torqueing the Lug Nuts
Once the wheel is securely in place, it’s essential to torque the lug nuts properly to ensure a safe and secure connection. Follow these detailed steps to ensure optimal torque:
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Place the Torque Wrench
Position the torque wrench on the lug nut and align the socket with the nut.
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Set the Torque Value
Dial the torque wrench to the specified torque value for your vehicle. Refer to the owner’s manual or a reputable online resource to determine the correct torque.
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Tighten the Lug Nut
Gradually tighten the lug nut by pulling the torque wrench towards you in a steady and controlled motion.
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Check the Torque Reading
Once you feel the resistance from the torque wrench, continue pulling until the preset torque value is reached. The wrench will typically click or release pressure to indicate that the target torque has been achieved.
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Repeat for All Lug Nuts
Follow steps 1-4 for each of the remaining lug nuts on the wheel.
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Double-Check the Torque
Using a separate torque wrench or repeating the process with the original wrench, double-check the torque of all lug nuts to ensure they are evenly tightened.
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Install the Hubcap (Optional)
If your vehicle has hubcaps, carefully align the hubcap with the wheel and secure it into place.
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Lower the Vehicle
Slowly lower the jack to bring the vehicle back to the ground.
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Remove the Jack Stand
Once the vehicle is fully on the ground, remove the jack stand from under the vehicle.
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Tighten the Lug Nuts Again
As a final measure, tighten the lug nuts one more time using a torque wrench or breaker bar. This additional tightening ensures the lug nuts are securely fastened.
| Vehicle | Torque Value (ft-lbs) |
|---|---|
| Honda Civic (2016-2021) | 88-101 |
| Toyota Camry (2018-2023) | 102-118 |
| Ford F-150 (2020-2023) | 130-150 |
Replacing the Dust Cap
To access the dust cap, you’ll need to locate it on the outer end of the wheel bearing. It is typically a small, round piece that fits over the inner bearing assembly. Once you’ve found it, you can remove it using one of the following methods:
- Using a pry tool: Carefully insert the pry tool between the dust cap and the wheel bearing housing. Twist and pry gently to loosen the cap. Avoid damaging the bearing or the housing.
- Using a needle-nose pliers: Grip the edge of the dust cap with the pliers. Pull straight up to remove it. Be careful not to squeeze the cap too tightly, as it could cause damage.
Additional Details
Here are some additional tips and considerations for replacing the dust cap:
- Ensure correct alignment: When installing the dust cap, make sure it is aligned properly. An improperly aligned dust cap can allow moisture and contaminants to enter the bearing assembly.
- Use a new dust cap: It is recommended to use a new dust cap when replacing your rear wheel bearing. This ensures that the bearing is protected from corrosion and contamination.
- Regular inspection: Inspect the dust cap regularly for any signs of damage or wear. Replace it immediately if necessary to prevent bearing damage.
| Tool | Description | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Pry tool | A thin, flat tool used to gently pry objects apart. | Insert between the dust cap and the wheel bearing housing and pry to loosen the cap. |
| Needle-nose pliers | Pliers with long, thin jaws for gripping small objects. | Grip the edge of the dust cap and pull straight up to remove it. |
Testing the Repair
Once the new rear wheel bearing has been installed, it is important to test the repair to ensure that it was successful. This can be done by performing the following steps:
- Jack up the rear of the vehicle and support it with jack stands.
- Remove the wheel from the side where the bearing was replaced.
- Grip the tire at the top and bottom and attempt to move it back and forth. There should be no play or movement in the tire.
- Grab the tire at the left and right sides and attempt to move it back and forth. Again, there should be no play or movement in the tire.
- Rotate the tire by hand to listen for any grinding or unusual noises. The tire should rotate smoothly and quietly.
If any of these tests indicate that there is still play or noise in the wheel bearing, then the repair may not have been successful and further investigation may be necessary.
In addition to these manual tests, it is also a good idea to test the repair by driving the vehicle. Pay attention to any unusual noises or vibrations that may indicate that the bearing is still damaged or that the repair was not successful.
Interpreting the Test Results
The results of the testing will help you determine whether or not the rear wheel bearing replacement was successful. Here is a table that summarizes the possible test results and their interpretations:
| Test Result | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| No play or movement in the tire, no grinding or unusual noises | The repair was successful. |
| Play or movement in the tire, or grinding or unusual noises | The repair was not successful. Further investigation is necessary. |
If the test results indicate that the repair was not successful, then it is important to investigate further to determine the cause of the problem. This may involve removing the wheel bearing and inspecting it for damage, or checking the other components in the wheel assembly for wear or damage.
Safety Precautions
Before embarking on the task of replacing a rear wheel bearing, prioritize your safety by adhering to the following precautions:
1. Essential Gear
Ensure you have the necessary tools and equipment. These include a jack and jack stands, wheel chocks, a breaker bar, a socket set, a torque wrench, a hammer, a punch, and a pry bar.
2. Secure Vehicle
Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Place wheel chocks behind the front wheels opposite the rear wheel you’re working on.
3. Safety Gear
Wear appropriate safety gear such as gloves, safety glasses, and earplugs. Avoid loose clothing or jewelry that could get caught in moving parts.
4. Lift Safely
Position the jack at the designated jack points. Slowly raise the vehicle until there is approximately 6 inches of clearance between the ground and the flat tire.
5. Stabilize Vehicle
Place the jack stands beside the jack and lower the vehicle onto them. Ensure the vehicle is stable and secure before proceeding.
6. Remove Wheel
Use a breaker bar and socket to loosen the lug nuts on the flat tire. Remove the lug nuts and carefully lift the tire off the hub.
7. Detach Brake Caliper
Locate the brake caliper bolts and use a socket wrench to remove them. Carefully lift the brake caliper off the rotor and secure it with a bungee cord or wire to prevent it from hanging by the brake line.
8. Remove Rotor
Inspect the rotor for any damage or excessive wear. If necessary, replace the rotor. Otherwise, slide the rotor off the hub.
9. Disassemble Bearing Assembly
Locate the bearing assembly, which is typically secured by bolts or a retaining ring. Remove the bolts or retaining ring and carefully separate the bearing assembly from the hub.
10. Remove Old Bearing
Using a hammer and punch, carefully tap out the old bearing from the hub. Take care not to damage the hub or the new bearing.
11. Inspect Hub
Thoroughly inspect the hub for any damage, corrosion, or debris. If necessary, clean or repair the hub before installing the new bearing.
12. Install New Bearing
Apply a thin layer of high-temperature grease to the new bearing. Carefully press or tap the new bearing into place on the hub. Ensure it is fully seated and flush with the hub surface.
13. Reassemble Bearing Assembly
Reinstall the bearing assembly onto the hub and secure it with the bolts or retaining ring. Tighten the bolts or retaining ring to the specified torque.
14. Reattach Rotor
Slide the rotor back onto the hub and ensure it is properly aligned. Tighten the rotor bolts or screws to the specified torque.
15. Reinstall Brake Caliper
Lift the brake caliper back into place and secure it with the bolts. Tighten the bolts to the specified torque.
16. Reinstall Wheel
Lift the tire back onto the hub and carefully align it. Hand-tighten the lug nuts onto the wheel studs.
17. Tighten Lug Nuts
Use a torque wrench and socket to tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque. Follow a star pattern to ensure even tightening.
18. Lower Vehicle
Slowly lower the vehicle by removing the jack stands. Double-check the tightness of the lug nuts and torque them again if necessary.
19. Test Drive
Before driving, perform a test drive to ensure that the replaced wheel bearing is functioning properly. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations and be aware of any changes in vehicle handling. If any issues arise, seek professional assistance immediately.
Troubleshooting
Diagnosing and resolving issues with a rear wheel bearing can involve a combination of visual inspections, listening for abnormal sounds, and road testing the vehicle. Here’s a detailed guide to troubleshoot common problems:
1. Identifying Worn Bearings
Signs of worn rear wheel bearings may include:
- Abnormal Humming or Grinding Noise: A continuous or intermittent humming or grinding noise coming from the rear wheels, especially when turning or accelerating, can indicate worn bearings.
- Exaggerated Play: Excessive play in the wheel when it is lifted and grasped at 3 and 9 o’clock positions may suggest loose or damaged bearings.
- Deterioration in Handling: Noticeable vibrations or instability while driving, particularly at higher speeds or when cornering, can be a symptom of failing bearings.
2. Visual Inspection
Visually inspect the rear wheel bearings for any signs of damage or wear. Check for:
- Broken or Cracked Seals: Seals should be intact and show no signs of damage or leakage.
- Corrosion or Pitting: Look for surface rust, pitting, or other signs of corrosion on the bearing components.
- Damaged Races or Rollers: The races and rollers should be smooth and free of any scratches, pitting, or other imperfections.
3. Road Testing
Take the vehicle for a test drive to assess the performance of the rear wheel bearings. Pay attention to any unusual noises or vibrations, especially during acceleration, braking, and cornering. If possible, drive on both smooth and uneven road surfaces to listen for any changes in sound or feel.
4. Additional Diagnostic Tests
If the initial troubleshooting methods do not provide a conclusive diagnosis, further diagnostic tests may be necessary. These could include:
- Mechanic’s Stethoscope: Using a mechanic’s stethoscope, listen for abnormal noises coming from the rear wheel bearings while the vehicle is idling and in motion.
- Wheel End Play Measurement: Measure the axial play of the rear wheel using a dial indicator. Excessive play beyond specifications indicates worn bearings.
- Tire Temperature Comparison: Drive the vehicle for a short distance and compare the temperature of the tires. A significantly higher temperature on one side may suggest a seized or damaged bearing.
5. Diagnosing Specific Symptoms
Based on the observed symptoms, here are some specific troubleshooting tips:
|
Symptom |
Possible Cause |
|---|---|
|
Humming or grinding noise |
|
|
Excessive wheel play |
|
|
Vibrations while driving |
|
|
Noise that varies with speed |
|
Removal of the Caliper and Rotor
1. Unbolt the caliper bolts using a 17mm or 19mm wrench or socket. Lift the caliper off the rotor and support it with a bungee cord or wire to prevent it from hanging by the brake line.
2. Remove the rotor by carefully prying it off with a flat-head screwdriver. Be careful not to damage the rotor or the wheel hub.
Removal of the Wheel Hub
3. Remove the wheel hub nut using a 36mm or 38mm socket or wrench.
4. Use a pry bar or large screwdriver to carefully pry the hub loose from the spindle. Be careful not to damage the hub or the spindle.
5. Pull the hub straight off the spindle.
Removal of the Bearing and Race
6. Remove the snap ring holding the bearing in place using a snap ring pliers.
7. Use a bearing puller to remove the bearing from the hub.
8. Use a bearing race remover or a chisel and hammer to remove the race from the hub.
Installation of the New Bearing and Race
9. Clean the hub thoroughly to remove any dirt or debris.
10. Install the new race into the hub using a bearing race installer or a hammer and socket.
11. Install the new bearing onto the hub using a bearing installer or a hammer and socket.
Installation of the Wheel Hub
12. Apply a thin coat of grease to the spindle.
13. Install the hub onto the spindle and push it on until it seats fully.
14. Tighten the wheel hub nut to the specified torque using a torque wrench.
Installation of the Caliper and Rotor
15. Place the rotor onto the hub.
16. Install the caliper over the rotor and tighten the caliper bolts to the specified torque using a torque wrench.
Tips and Tricks
1. Use the right tools. The right tools will make the job much easier and safer.
2. Be careful not to damage the brake caliper or the brake line.
3. Be careful not to damage the wheel hub or the spindle.
4. Clean the hub thoroughly before installing the new bearing and race.
5. Apply a thin coat of grease to the spindle before installing the hub.
6. Tighten the wheel hub nut to the specified torque using a torque wrench.
7. If you are not comfortable replacing the wheel bearing yourself, take your car to a mechanic.
8. Use a bungee cord or wire to support the caliper while it is off the rotor.
9. Use a pry bar or large screwdriver to carefully pry the hub loose from the spindle.
10. Use a bearing puller to remove the bearing from the hub.
11. Use a bearing race remover or a chisel and hammer to remove the race from the hub.
12. Install the new race into the hub using a bearing race installer or a hammer and socket.
13. Install the new bearing onto the hub using a bearing installer or a hammer and socket.
14. Apply a thin coat of grease to the spindle before installing the hub.
15. Tighten the wheel hub nut to the specified torque using a torque wrench.
16. Place the rotor onto the hub.
17. Install the caliper over the rotor and tighten the caliper bolts to the specified torque using a torque wrench.
18. If you are not comfortable replacing the wheel bearing yourself, take your car to a mechanic.
19. Use a bungee cord or wire to support the caliper while it is off the rotor.
20. Use a pry bar or large screwdriver to carefully pry the hub loose from the spindle.
21. Use a bearing puller to remove the bearing from the hub.
22. Use a bearing race remover or a chisel and hammer to remove the race from the hub.
23. Refer to a repair manual or online resource for more detailed instructions on how to replace a wheel bearing.
| Tools Needed |
|---|
| 17mm or 19mm wrench or socket |
| 36mm or 38mm socket or wrench |
| Pry bar or large screwdriver |
| Snap ring pliers |
| Bearing puller |
| Bearing race installer |
| Hammer |
| Socket |
| Torque wrench |
Warning Signs of a Failing Wheel Bearing
A failing wheel bearing can cause a variety of symptoms, including:
- Humming or grinding noise: This is the most common symptom of a failing wheel bearing. The noise will typically increase in volume and pitch as the bearing wears out.
- Vibration in the steering wheel or floorboard: This can be a sign that the bearing is loose or damaged.
- Play in the wheel: If you grab the tire at the top and bottom and try to move it back and forth, you may feel some play if the bearing is worn.
- Uneven tire wear: A failing wheel bearing can cause the tire to wear unevenly, which can lead to premature tire failure.
- Reduced fuel economy: A failing wheel bearing can increase rolling resistance, which can lead to reduced fuel economy.
24. How to Replace a Rear Wheel Bearing
Replacing a rear wheel bearing is a relatively straightforward procedure. However, it is important to follow the steps carefully to ensure that the bearing is installed correctly.
Tools and materials needed:
- New wheel bearing
- Socket wrench
- Torque wrench
- Hammer
- Pry bar
- Lubricant
Steps:
1. Safety first: Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Chock the wheels opposite the wheel that you will be working on.
2. Remove the wheel: Use a socket wrench to loosen the lug nuts, then remove the wheel.
3. Remove the brake caliper: Use a socket wrench to remove the bolts that hold the brake caliper in place. Then, carefully lift the caliper off the rotor and support it with a bungee cord or wire.
4. Remove the rotor: Use a socket wrench to remove the bolts that hold the rotor in place. Then, carefully lift the rotor off the hub.
5. Remove the axle nut: Use a socket wrench to remove the axle nut.
6. Remove the old wheel bearing: Use a pry bar to carefully pry the old wheel bearing off the hub.
7. Clean the hub: Use a clean rag to clean the hub.
8. Apply lubricant to the new wheel bearing: Apply a thin layer of lubricant to the outer surface of the new wheel bearing.
9. Install the new wheel bearing: Carefully place the new wheel bearing onto the hub.
10. Install the axle nut: Thread the axle nut onto the axle and tighten it to the specified torque.
11. Install the rotor: Carefully place the rotor onto the hub and tighten the bolts to the specified torque.
12. Install the brake caliper: Carefully place the brake caliper back onto the rotor and tighten the bolts to the specified torque.
13. Install the wheel: Place the wheel back onto the hub and tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque.
14. Lower the vehicle: Slowly lower the vehicle to the ground and remove the jack stands.
15. Test drive the vehicle: Drive the vehicle for a short distance to test the new wheel bearing.
Tips:
* If you are not comfortable replacing a wheel bearing yourself, you can take your vehicle to a mechanic.
* It is important to replace the wheel bearing as soon as possible if it is damaged or worn. A damaged wheel bearing can cause the wheel to come off while driving, which can be very dangerous.
* Wheel bearings are typically replaced in pairs. If one wheel bearing is damaged, it is likely that the other wheel bearing on the same axle is also damaged.
| Symptom | Possible cause |
|---|---|
| Humming or grinding noise | Worn wheel bearing |
| Vibration in the steering wheel or floorboard | Loose or damaged wheel bearing |
| Play in the wheel | Worn wheel bearing |
| Uneven tire wear | Failing wheel bearing |
| Reduced fuel economy | Increased rolling resistance due to a failing wheel bearing |
Importance of Replacing a Rear Wheel Bearing
Rear wheel bearings play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth and safe operation of your vehicle. When a rear wheel bearing fails, it can lead to a range of symptoms, including:
- Loud humming or grinding noises from the rear of the vehicle, particularly while driving at highway speeds.
- Increased vibration in the steering wheel or seat, especially when cornering.
- Uneven tire wear on the affected rear wheel.
- Reduced handling and stability, especially during sudden maneuvers or braking.
- Increased fuel consumption due to increased friction in the wheel bearing.
Ignoring a faulty rear wheel bearing can have severe consequences, including:
- Catastrophic failure of the bearing, which can lock up the rear wheel and cause loss of control.
- Accelerated wear and damage to other suspension components, such as the wheel hub and brake rotor.
- Reduced safety and increased risk of accidents.
Therefore, it is essential to replace a faulty rear wheel bearing promptly to ensure the safety and longevity of your vehicle.
26. Inspecting and Replacing the Outer Bearing
Once the axle shaft and inner bearing are removed, you can inspect and replace the outer bearing:
- Thoroughly clean the outer bearing race and surrounding area of any debris or grease.
- Inspect the outer bearing race for any signs of damage, such as cracks, wear, or pitting. If the race is damaged, it must be replaced.
- Lubricate the new outer bearing with wheel bearing grease and carefully insert it into the outer bearing race.
- Apply a small amount of grease to the lips of the new oil seal and carefully insert it into the bearing housing.
- Slide the axle shaft through the bearing and oil seal, making sure to align the splines on the shaft with the splines in the differential.
- Tighten the axle nut to the manufacturer’s specifications using a torque wrench.
| Vehicle | Torque (ft-lbs) |
|---|---|
| 2005-2014 Ford Mustang | 221 |
| 2010-2015 Chevrolet Camaro | 235 |
| 2015-2023 Ford F-150 | 275 |
Note: The torque specifications may vary depending on the vehicle model and year. Always refer to your vehicle’s service manual for the correct torque value.
Cost of Replacing a Rear Wheel Bearing
The cost of replacing a rear wheel bearing can vary depending on several factors, including the make and model of the vehicle, the severity of the damage, and the location of the repair.
On average, you can expect to pay between $200 and $600 for a rear wheel bearing replacement. This includes the cost of the parts and labor. However, if the damage is severe, or if the vehicle requires special parts or equipment, the cost could be higher.
Here is a breakdown of the costs associated with replacing a rear wheel bearing:
| Component | Cost |
|---|---|
| Rear Wheel Bearing | $50-$200 |
| Labor | $150-$400 |
| Special Parts or Equipment | Varies |
| Total Cost | $200-$600 |
If you are experiencing symptoms of a bad rear wheel bearing, it is important to have the problem diagnosed and repaired as soon as possible. Driving with a damaged wheel bearing can be dangerous, and it can lead to further damage to your vehicle.
Factors that Affect the Cost of Replacing a Rear Wheel Bearing
The cost of replacing a rear wheel bearing can be affected by several factors, including:
- The make and model of the vehicle
- The severity of the damage
- The location of the repair
- The availability of parts
- The labor rate of the mechanic
The make and model of the vehicle can affect the cost of the replacement because some vehicles require special parts or equipment. The severity of the damage can also affect the cost, as more extensive repairs will require more time and labor.
The location of the repair can also affect the cost, as some areas have higher labor rates than others. The availability of parts can also affect the cost, as rare or hard-to-find parts may be more expensive.
Finally, the labor rate of the mechanic can also affect the cost of the replacement. Mechanics with higher labor rates will charge more for their services.
How to Save Money on Rear Wheel Bearing Replacement
There are a few ways to save money on rear wheel bearing replacement:
- Get multiple quotes from different mechanics before choosing one.
- Compare the prices of parts from different suppliers.
- Do some of the work yourself, if you are mechanically inclined.
Getting multiple quotes from different mechanics can help you find the best price for the repair. Comparing the prices of parts from different suppliers can also help you save money.
If you are mechanically inclined, you may be able to do some of the work yourself. This can save you the cost of labor.
Conclusion
The cost of replacing a rear wheel bearing can vary depending on several factors. However, by getting multiple quotes, comparing prices, and doing some of the work yourself, you can save money on the repair.
Repair vs. Replace
When it comes to replacing a rear wheel bearing, you have two options: repair or replace.
Repair
Repairing a wheel bearing involves replacing the damaged or worn components within the bearing assembly. This is a more complex and time-consuming process than simply replacing the entire bearing, but it can be more economical in the long run. To repair a wheel bearing, the following steps are typically involved:
1. Remove the wheel and brake caliper.
2. Remove the axle nut and washer.
3. Pull the hub off the spindle.
4. Remove the old bearing from the hub.
5. Clean and inspect the hub and spindle.
6. Install the new bearing into the hub.
7. Install the hub onto the spindle.
8. Install the axle nut and washer.
9. Torque the axle nut to the specified specifications.
10. Reinstall the wheel and brake caliper.
There are many pros to replacing the bearing yourself. Some of the pros include:
- It is cheaper than replacing the whole unit.
- The job is easy to do, and can be completed in a few hours.
- It is a good way to learn more about your car.
However, there are some cons to doing the job yourself. Some of the cons include:
- If you do not have the proper tools, it can be difficult to remove the old bearing.
- If you are not careful, you can damage the hub or spindle when removing the old bearing.
- If you do not properly torque the axle nut, it can come loose and cause the wheel to fall off.
Replace
If you’re not comfortable repairing a wheel bearing or if the damage is too extensive, you can choose to replace the entire bearing unit. This is a more straightforward and less time-consuming process than repairing the bearing, but it can also be more expensive. To replace a wheel bearing, the following steps are typically involved:
1. Remove the wheel and brake caliper.
2. Remove the axle nut and washer.
3. Pull the hub off the spindle.
4. Remove the old bearing unit from the hub.
5. Clean and inspect the hub and spindle.
6. Install the new bearing unit into the hub.
7. Install the hub onto the spindle.
8. Install the axle nut and washer.
9. Torque the axle nut to the specified specifications.
10. Reinstall the wheel and brake caliper.
There are many pros to replacing the unit yourself. Some of the pros include:
- It is less expensive than having it done by a mechanic.
- It is a relatively easy job to do, and can be completed in a few hours.
- It is a good way to learn more about your car.
However, there are some cons to doing the job yourself. Some of the cons include:
- If you do not have the proper tools, it can be difficult to remove the old bearing unit.
- If you are not careful, you can damage the hub or spindle when removing the old bearing unit.
- If you do not properly torque the axle nut, it can come loose and cause the wheel to fall off.
Tools and Parts Needed
To replace a rear wheel bearing, you will need the following tools and parts:
Tools
* Socket wrench set
* Torque wrench
* Impact wrench (optional)
* Pry bar
* Hammer
* Safety glasses
* Gloves
Parts
* New rear wheel bearing assembly
* Axle nut
* Washer
Safety Precautions
When replacing a rear wheel bearing, it is important to take the following safety precautions:
* Park your car on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
* Chock the wheels opposite the wheel you are working on.
* Wear safety glasses and gloves.
* Use caution when using power tools.
* Do not attempt to replace a wheel bearing if you are not confident in your abilities.
DIY vs. Professional Repair
Whether to DIY or hire a professional to replace a rear wheel bearing depends on your level of automotive knowledge and comfort with complex repairs. Here’s a breakdown of the pros and cons of both options:
DIY
Pros:
- Cost savings: Professional labor costs can be significant.
- Convenience: You can do the repair at your own pace on your own schedule.
- Satisfaction: Completing a complex repair yourself can be rewarding.
Cons:
- Difficulty: Replacing rear wheel bearings requires specialized knowledge and tools.
- Liability: If done incorrectly, the repair can compromise safety and lead to legal issues.
- Time: The repair can be lengthy and time-consuming.
Professional Repair
Pros:
- Expertise: Professionals have the experience and training to diagnose and repair the issue correctly.
- Warranty: Most reputable repair shops offer warranties on their work, providing peace of mind.
- Safety: Professionals follow proper safety protocols and use the right tools to ensure the repair is done safely.
Cons:
- Cost: Professional labor rates can be expensive.
- Scheduling: You may need to wait for an appointment and leave your vehicle at the shop.
- Inconvenience: You may have to arrange for alternative transportation during the repair.
Replacing the Rear Wheel Bearing Step-by-Step
Tools and Materials Required:
| Tool/Material | Quantity |
|---|---|
| Impact wrench | 1 |
| Socket set | 1 |
| Torque wrench | 1 |
| Wheel bearing puller | 1 |
| Bearing packer | 1 |
| New rear wheel bearing | 2 |
| Brake cleaner | 1 |
| Grease | 1 |
Step 1: Safety First
Park your vehicle on a flat, stable surface and engage the parking brake. Loosen the lug nuts on the affected wheel but do not remove them yet.
Step 2: Remove the Wheel
Use the impact wrench to remove the lug nuts and detach the wheel from the hub.
Step 3: Remove the Brake Caliper
Unbolt the bolts holding the brake caliper to the hub using the socket set. Carefully lift and support the caliper out of the way without disconnecting the brake line.
Step 4: Remove the Brake Rotor
Slide the brake rotor off the hub. If it’s stuck, use a rubber mallet to gently tap it loose.
Steps 5-6: Remove the Hub Assembly
Using the socket set, unbolt the bolts connecting the hub assembly to the suspension. Disconnect any electrical connectors near the hub. Carefully pull the hub assembly away from the suspension.
Step 7: Remove the Old Bearing
Use the wheel bearing puller to remove the old bearing from the hub assembly. The puller has jaws that will grab onto the bearing inner race. Gradually tighten the puller to extract the bearing.
Step 8: Clean and Inspect
Thoroughly clean the hub assembly and bearing area with brake cleaner and inspect for any damage or wear.
Step 9: Install the New Bearing
Apply a generous amount of grease to the new bearing inner and outer races. Use the bearing packer to properly pack the bearing with grease.
Step 10: Insert the Bearing
Place the new bearing into the hub assembly and carefully tap it into place using a hammer and socket extension. Ensure it is fully seated.
Steps 11-18: Reassembly
Follow steps 5-6 in reverse order to reassemble the hub assembly, brake rotor, brake caliper, and wheel. Use the torque wrench to tighten all bolts to the manufacturer’s specifications. Lubricate any moving parts with grease.
Step 19: Post-Repair Inspection
After the repair, thoroughly inspect the area to ensure everything is correctly assembled and tightened. Double-check the brake fluid level and test the brakes before driving.
Maintenance After Repair
10. Inspect the Brake Rotors and Pads
While you have the wheels off, take the opportunity to inspect the brake rotors and pads. Look for any signs of wear or damage. If the rotors are warped or scored, they will need to be replaced. If the pads are worn down to less than 1/4 inch, they should also be replaced.
11. Torque the Lug Nuts
Once you have replaced the wheel bearing, torque the lug nuts to the specified torque. This is important to ensure that the wheel is properly secured.
12. Test Drive the Vehicle
After you have completed the repair, test drive the vehicle to make sure that everything is working properly. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations. If you notice anything out of the ordinary, stop driving and have the vehicle inspected by a mechanic.
13. Check the Wheel Bearing Regularly
Once you have replaced the wheel bearing, it is important to check it regularly to make sure that it is still in good condition. You can do this by jacking up the vehicle and spinning the wheel. If you feel any play in the wheel, the bearing may need to be replaced.
14. Replace the Wheel Bearing if Necessary
If the wheel bearing fails, it is important to replace it as soon as possible. A failed wheel bearing can cause the wheel to come off the vehicle, which can lead to a serious accident.
15. Follow the Manufacturer’s Maintenance Schedule
In addition to the above maintenance tips, it is important to follow the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule for your vehicle. This schedule will include specific recommendations for how often to inspect and replace the wheel bearings.
31. What Not to Do
There are a few things that you should avoid doing when replacing a wheel bearing. These include:
- Using a hammer to remove the old bearing. This can damage the bearing and the surrounding components.
- Over-tightening the lug nuts. This can damage the wheel and the lug nuts.
- Driving on a wheel with a failed bearing. This can cause the wheel to come off the vehicle, which can lead to a serious accident.
- Ignoring the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule. This can lead to premature wear and failure of the wheel bearings.
Prevention of Future Wheel Bearing Failure
There are several preventive measures you can take to minimize the risk of premature wheel bearing failure:
1. Regular Maintenance
Regularly checking your wheel bearings and lubricating them as recommended by the manufacturer is crucial. This helps remove dirt, grime, and moisture, reducing friction and preventing premature wear.
2. Avoid Overloading
Overloading your vehicle puts excessive stress on the wheel bearings. Avoid exceeding the manufacturer’s recommended load capacity to prolong bearing life.
3. Proper Tire Inflation
Maintaining proper tire inflation ensures even weight distribution and prevents excessive load on the wheel bearings. Check tire pressure regularly and adjust as needed.
4. Avoid Impact and Potholes
Sudden impacts, such as hitting potholes or curbs, can damage the wheel bearings. Drive cautiously over rough terrain and avoid hitting obstacles whenever possible.
5. Use Quality Components
When replacing wheel bearings, use high-quality components from reputable manufacturers. Inferior bearings are more prone to failure and may not provide the same level of durability.
6. Correct Installation
Ensure proper installation of the wheel bearings according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Improper installation can lead to premature failure.
7. Cleanliness
During replacement, ensure the work area is clean and free of contaminants. Dirt or debris can enter the bearings and cause damage.
8. Torque Specifications
Follow the manufacturer’s recommended torque specifications when tightening bearing components. Overtightening can damage the bearings, while undertightening may cause instability.
9. Grease Lubrication
Use the manufacturer-recommended grease for lubricating the wheel bearings. Different types of grease have specific properties, and using the wrong grease can compromise bearing performance.
10. Seal Inspection
Inspect the wheel bearing seals for any damage or wear during replacement. Worn or torn seals can allow contaminants to enter the bearings, leading to premature failure.
Potential Risks of Ignoring a Wheel Bearing Problem
10. Catastrophic Failure and Loss of Control:
The most severe consequence of ignoring a wheel bearing problem is catastrophic failure, which can result in a sudden loss of control over your vehicle. In this scenario, the wheel bearing seizes altogether, causing the wheel to lock up. This can lead to the vehicle skidding or rolling over, posing a grave danger to you and other road users.
9. Brake System Damage:
Wheel bearings play a crucial role in supporting the wheel hub, which houses the brake components. A failing wheel bearing can cause the hub to wobble or misalign, affecting the performance of your brakes. This can result in reduced braking effectiveness, longer stopping distances, and potential brake failure, further compromising your safety.
8. Accelerated Tire Wear:
When a wheel bearing is failing, it can cause the wheel to wobble or shift, resulting in uneven tire wear. The increased friction between the tire and the road surface can lead to premature tread wear, reducing the lifespan of your tires and compromising their grip on the road.
7. Noise and Vibration:
One of the most common symptoms of a failing wheel bearing is increased noise and vibration. As the bearing becomes damaged, it can produce a grinding, squealing, or humming sound while your vehicle is in motion. The vibration can be felt through the steering wheel, floorboard, or seat, making your driving experience uncomfortable and potentially distracting.
6. Reduced Fuel Efficiency:
A damaged wheel bearing can increase rolling resistance, leading to reduced fuel efficiency. The increased friction between the bearing and the wheel can put a strain on your engine, requiring more fuel to maintain the same speed.
5. Heat Buildup:
As the wheel bearing fails, the increased friction can generate excessive heat. This heat can damage other components in the wheel assembly, such as the caliper or brake pads. In severe cases, it can even lead to a fire.
4. Premature Suspension Wear:
A failing wheel bearing can put excessive stress on the suspension components, such as the ball joints and control arms. This premature wear can lead to decreased handling, stability, and overall performance of your vehicle.
3. Increased Risk of Accidents:
Ignoring a wheel bearing problem can significantly increase your risk of getting into an accident. The reduced braking effectiveness, compromised handling, and potential for catastrophic failure all contribute to a higher likelihood of a collision. It’s crucial to address wheel bearing issues promptly to ensure the safety of yourself and others on the road.
| Symptom | Possible Cause |
|---|---|
| Grinding, squealing, or humming noise while driving | Damaged or worn wheel bearing |
| Vibration felt through the steering wheel, floorboard, or seat | Loose or damaged wheel bearing |
| Reduced braking effectiveness | Misaligned hub caused by damaged wheel bearing |
| Uneven tire wear | Wobbly wheel caused by failing wheel bearing |
| Increased rolling resistance | Damaged wheel bearing causing friction |
| Excessive heat generation in the wheel assembly | Increased friction due to failing wheel bearing |
2. Premature Wear and Tear
A damaged wheel bearing can cause premature wear and tear on other components in the wheel assembly, such as the hub, brake pads, and tires. This can lead to increased maintenance costs and reduced lifespan for your vehicle.
1. Reduced Vehicle Value:
A vehicle with a known wheel bearing problem will have a reduced resale value. Potential buyers are likely to be concerned about the potential costs and risks associated with a failing wheel bearing, which can impact the overall value of your car.
Types of Wheel Bearings
1. Ball Bearings
Ball bearings are the most common type of wheel bearing. They consist of a series of balls that are held in place by a raceway. Ball bearings are relatively inexpensive and easy to replace, but they can be noisy and may not be as durable as other types of bearings.
2. Roller Bearings
Roller bearings are similar to ball bearings, but they use rollers instead of balls. Roller bearings are more durable than ball bearings, but they can be more expensive and difficult to replace.
3. Tapered Roller Bearings
Tapered roller bearings are a type of roller bearing that is specifically designed for use in automotive applications. Tapered roller bearings are very durable and can handle high loads, but they can be more expensive and difficult to replace.
4. Needle Bearings
Needle bearings are a type of roller bearing that is very thin. Needle bearings are used in applications where space is limited, such as in transmissions and differentials. Needle bearings can be very durable, but they can be more expensive and difficult to replace.
5. Ceramic Bearings
Ceramic bearings are a newer type of wheel bearing that is made from ceramic materials. Ceramic bearings are very durable and can handle high loads, but they can be very expensive and difficult to replace.
Which Type of Wheel Bearing is Right for You?
The type of wheel bearing that is right for you will depend on your specific needs and budget. If you are looking for a cost-effective option, ball bearings are a good choice. If you need a more durable bearing, roller bearings or tapered roller bearings are a better option. If you need a bearing that can handle high loads, ceramic bearings are a good choice.
How to Replace a Wheel Bearing
Replacing a wheel bearing is a relatively simple process, but it can be time-consuming. Here are the steps on how to replace a wheel bearing:
- Park the car on a level surface and set the parking brake.
- Remove the lug nuts and tire from the wheel that has the bad bearing.
- Remove the brake caliper and rotor from the wheel.
- Remove the hub assembly from the wheel.
- Remove the old bearing from the hub assembly.
- Install the new bearing into the hub assembly.
- Reinstall the hub assembly onto the wheel.
- Reinstall the brake caliper and rotor onto the wheel.
- Reinstall the tire and lug nuts onto the wheel.
- Tighten the lug nuts to the proper torque.
How to Diagnose a Bad Wheel Bearing
There are several symptoms that can indicate a bad wheel bearing. These symptoms include:
- A grinding or humming noise from the wheel
- A vibration in the steering wheel or seat
- Uneven tire wear
- Play in the wheel when it is lifted off the ground
How to Prevent Wheel Bearing Failure
There are several things you can do to prevent wheel bearing failure. These things include:
- Keep your tires properly inflated.
- Avoid driving over rough roads.
- Don’t overload your vehicle.
- Have your wheel bearings inspected regularly.
Wheel Bearing Replacement Cost
The cost of replacing a wheel bearing will vary depending on the type of bearing, the make and model of your vehicle, and the labor rate of the mechanic. However, you can expect to pay between $100 and $300 for a typical wheel bearing replacement.
Causes of Premature Hub Assembly Failure
There are many causes of premature wheel hub assembly failure. Some of the most common include:
• Improper installation: If the wheel hub assembly is not installed correctly, it can lead to premature failure. This can be caused by overtightening or undertightening the bolts, or by not properly seating the assembly in the bearing housing.
• Bearing damage: The most common cause of wheel hub assembly failure is damage to the bearings. This can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Impact damage: If the wheel hub assembly is struck by a large object, such as a pothole, it can damage the bearings.
- Water damage: If the wheel hub assembly is exposed to water, it can cause the bearings to rust and fail.
- Heat damage: If the wheel hub assembly is exposed to excessive heat, it can cause the bearings to overheat and fail.
- Lubrication failure: If the wheel hub assembly is not properly lubricated, it can lead to premature bearing failure.
• Loose or damaged bolts: If the bolts that hold the wheel hub assembly in place are loose or damaged, it can lead to premature failure. This can be caused by vibration or by overtightening the bolts.
• Corrosion: If the wheel hub assembly is exposed to salt or other corrosive elements, it can lead to premature failure. Rust and corrosion can damage the bearings and other components of the assembly.
• Other factors: Other factors that can contribute to premature wheel hub assembly failure include:
- Excessive weight: If the vehicle is overloaded, it can put excessive stress on the wheel hub assemblies and lead to premature failure.
- Poor road conditions: Driving on rough or uneven roads can put excessive stress on the wheel hub assemblies and lead to premature failure.
- Improper alignment: If the vehicle’s alignment is not correct, it can put excessive stress on the wheel hub assemblies and lead to premature failure.
Warranty and Return Policies
Most replacement wheel bearings come with a manufacturer’s warranty that provides coverage for defects in material or workmanship. These warranties typically range from one year to five years, and some even offer a lifetime warranty. Specific warranty details can vary depending on the manufacturer and the bearing model, so it’s important to check the product packaging or contact the retailer for more information.
Returns
If you are not satisfied with the replacement wheel bearing, you may be able to return it and receive a refund or exchange. However, most manufacturers have specific return policies that outline the conditions under which a return can be accepted. These policies typically specify a time frame within which the item must be returned (usually 30 to 90 days) and may require the original purchase receipt as proof of purchase. Additionally, the bearing must be in unused and undamaged condition in order to be eligible for a return.
It’s important to note that some returns may be subject to a restocking fee, which can range from 10% to 20% of the purchase price. This fee is used to cover the administrative and handling costs associated with processing the return. If you have any questions about the return policy, it’s best to contact the retailer or manufacturer before making a return.
Here’s a table summarizing the key points of typical warranty and return policies for replacement wheel bearings:
| Warranty | Returns | |
|---|---|---|
| Time Frame | 1-5 years or lifetime | 30-90 days |
| Coverage | Defects in material or workmanship | Unused and undamaged condition |
| Proof of Purchase Required | Yes | Yes |
| Restocking Fee | No (usually) | 10-20% (possible) |
By understanding the warranty and return policies associated with replacement wheel bearings, you can make an informed decision about your purchase and ensure that you’re protected in case of any issues.
Finding a Qualified Mechanic
Having a trusted and skilled mechanic is crucial for any vehicle owner, and this holds true when it comes to replacing a rear wheel bearing. To find a qualified mechanic, you can consider the following steps:
**1. Referrals and Recommendations:** Ask friends, family, or neighbors who have been satisfied with a mechanic for rear wheel bearing replacement.
**2. Online Reviews:** Research online review platforms such as Google My Business, Yelp, or Angie’s List to read reviews from previous customers. Look for mechanics with positive feedback and specific mentions of rear wheel bearing work.
**3. Certifications and Credentials:** Consider mechanics who are ASE (Automotive Service Excellence) certified or have specialized training in wheel bearing repair. These certifications indicate a level of knowledge and expertise.
**4. Experience and Expertise:** Inquire about the mechanic’s experience in rear wheel bearing replacement. Ask if they have handled similar repairs on your vehicle make and model. Experienced mechanics are more likely to be familiar with the specific parts and procedures involved.
**5. Equipment and Facilities:** Ensure that the mechanic has access to the necessary equipment and facilities, such as a wheel hub press and a bearing puller, to perform the repair properly.
**6. Warranty and Guarantee:** Seek a mechanic who offers a warranty or guarantee on their work. This provides peace of mind and protection against any issues that may arise after the repair.
**7. Communication and Transparency:** Choose a mechanic who is communicative and transparent throughout the process. They should be able to explain the repair clearly, provide updates on progress, and answer your questions thoroughly.
**8. Cost and Estimates:** Compare estimates from multiple mechanics to ensure fairness and avoid overpaying. Be wary of mechanics who quote extremely low prices, as this may indicate a lack of experience or quality workmanship.
**Additional Tips:**
| Consideration | Details |
|---|---|
| Referrals from Auto Parts Stores | Some auto parts stores may have relationships with qualified mechanics in the area. Ask for their recommendations. |
| Dealer Service Centers | While typically more expensive, dealer service centers often have access to specialized tools and certified technicians. |
| Online Mechanic Directories | Websites like RepairPal and CarMD offer databases of mechanics that you can filter by location, reviews, and services. |
| Insurance Network Providers | If you have car insurance, your provider may have a network of approved mechanics that meet certain quality standards. |
How To Replace Rear Wheel Bearing
Replacing a rear wheel bearing is a relatively simple task that can be completed in a few hours. The most important thing is to have the right tools and to follow the steps carefully. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to replace a rear wheel bearing:
- Safety first: Park your car on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Chock the front wheels to prevent the car from rolling.
- Remove the wheel: Use a lug wrench to loosen the lug nuts on the rear wheel that needs to be replaced. Once the lug nuts are loose, remove the wheel.
- Remove the brake caliper: The brake caliper is held in place by two bolts. Remove the bolts and then carefully lift the brake caliper off the rotor. Do not let the caliper hang by the brake hose.
- Remove the rotor: The rotor is held in place by two screws. Remove the screws and then pull the rotor straight off the hub.
- Remove the old bearing: The old bearing is pressed into the hub. You will need to use a bearing puller to remove it. Carefully follow the instructions that came with the bearing puller.
- Install the new bearing: The new bearing must be pressed into the hub. You will need to use a bearing press to do this. Carefully follow the instructions that came with the bearing press.
- Reassemble the brake system: Reinstall the rotor, brake caliper, and wheel.
- Tighten the lug nuts: Tighten the lug nuts to the specified torque. You can find the specified torque in your vehicle’s owner’s manual.
- Test drive the car: Test drive the car to make sure that the new bearing is working properly.
People Also Ask
What are the symptoms of a bad rear wheel bearing?
The most common symptom of a bad rear wheel bearing is a humming or growling noise that increases with speed. Other symptoms include:
- Vibration in the rear of the car
- Difficulty steering
Can I drive with a bad rear wheel bearing?
It is not advisable to drive with a bad rear wheel bearing. A bad wheel bearing can cause the wheel to come off the car, which could lead to a serious accident.
How much does it cost to replace a rear wheel bearing?
The cost to replace a rear wheel bearing varies depending on the make and model of your car. However, you can expect to pay between $100 and $300 for parts and labor.
